El telescopio espacial James Webb

In the summer of 2022, we received the first scientific images captured by the James Webb space telescope, the largest, most sophisticated and revolutionary built to date, causing a great stir and enthusiasm among the community of astronomers and the general public. Launched just a few months earlier, in December 2021, it was the successful culmination of more than twenty years of efforts dedicated to its development and construction, the result of the international collaboration of NASA and the European and Canadian space agencies, and thousands of scientists. , engineers and technicians from several dozen countries. During its first year, this powerful telescope has captured moments spread over the last approximately 13.5 billion years: from the dawn of galaxies to the present day, revealing thousands of astronomical objects in the highest quality infrared images never obtained. The study of exoplanets and their atmospheres, as well as the solar system, the exploration of stellar life or the observation of galaxies and their black holes, including some of the earliest objects in the universe, are among its main scientific objectives. This informative synthesis, the first available in Spanish, is about all of this, delving into the history of the telescope and its first observations, as well as the description of its main components and instruments.