El sueño de Bolívar y la manipulación bolivariana

Simón Bolívar and Bolivarism, do they have something to do with the Bolivarian revolution and related movements in present-day South America? Is it possible to conclude, as many academics and politicians such as Hugo Chávez, Evo Morales, Rafael Correa and their multiple followers or allies spread throughout the region and even beyond have repeatedly done, that Bolívar was the great precursor of Latin American integration? Beyond the efforts of his epigones, it is difficult to synthesize a unique essence of Bolivarian thought. As it happens to any person, the ideas of Simón Bolívar evolved over time, and more in the difficult and complicated moments that he had to live. Bolívar was a military man, a man of action and a politician rather than a philosopher or an intellectual, and for this reason many of his responses were temporary. He was looking for the best answer to each situation and for this he had to adapt them to the circumstances. Hence, in the face of changing challenges, the Liberator also gave changing responses. It is not a question, as they say, of identifying the existence of a conservative Bolívar and a revolutionary one, but rather of encountering the same character who in different circumstances adapted or modified his positions to the surrounding stimuli. In "Bolívar's dream and Bolivarian manipulation", Carlos Malamud studies Bolívar's thought, especially his idea of ??American unity, and how the figure of the liberator of America has been falsified throughout the 20th century by political interests. Above all, in the case of the so-called Bolivarian revolution that has clothed Bolívar with a series of extemporaneous political and ideological attributes in order to make him the greatest prophet of Latin American integration, of 21st century socialism and of the second independence against the United States.